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Radburn: Howard Ave & Brearly Crescent
Radburn, a planned community that was founded in 1929, was based on England’s Garden Cities. This photograph was taken on Howard Ave, named for Sir Ebeneezer Howard, whose 1898 publication Garden Cities of To-morrow influenced urban planners to…
Radburn: Cul-de-sac
Drawing influence from England’s Garden Cities, the planners of Radburn separated streets for motor vehicles from pedestrian routes. To encourage pedestrian traffic, and to create harmony between residents and nature, the rear of the houses face the…
Radburn: Walkways and Public Parks
Radburn, a planned community inspired by England’s Garden Cities, emphasized common areas, like this walkway and park, and allocated a minimal amount of land to individual homes. While walkways may have had some environmental impact by encouraging…
Radburn: Walkways, Pedestrian Traffic
A planned community in Fair Lawn, New Jersey, Radburn has a system of walkways to encourage pedestrian traffic. This 1979 photograph shows walkways in use on a rainy afternoon. The fronts of homes in Radburn face the walkways, while the backs are on…
Radburn: Children in Street
On this slide Smolski notes “Radburn Plan separated streets & pedestrians, children don’t play in streets?” Radburn, a planned community, makes extensive provisions for walkways and public lands that are separate from motor ways. In this context,…
Greenbelt: Walkway
Greenbelt was built during the Roosevelt Administration at the tail end of the Great Depression. This photograph shows Greenbelt in 1970 and the walkways are deteriorating and walls are covered in graffiti.
Greenbelt was a new town built and…
Greenbelt: Houses
Greenbelt is a planned community in Maryland, created as part of the New Deal during the Roosevelt administration. This photograph shows a well cared for home in Greenbelt, which was built as an American Garden City. Garden Cities, the brainchild of…
Greenbelt: Cars Outgrow Garages
This photograph shows a problem common in many new towns built in the early the twentieth century. As expendable income increased, planned communities modeled on Garden Cities were not able to accomodate either the amount or size of automobiles…
Hereford: Entry in Wales
This 1980 photograph looks into Gwent from the Wales - England border. In 1974 Gwent was made a local government through the Local Government Act of 1972. It was abolished in 1996 under The Local Government Act 1994, which reconstructed Wales into…
Senghenydd: Housing
Senghenydd was a rural community until it was industrialized in the 19th century after coal was discovered in the hills. It is located in Aber Valley. This 1980 photograph shows dense housing and the surrounding hill side. The coal mines have since…
Baltimore: USS Constellation
The USS Constellation in Baltimore’s Inner Harbor. It is the last surviving Civil War era warship, and the last sail-only warship designed by the Navy. The Inner Harbor is a tourist friendly, center of culture in Baltimore. It has been revived since…
Reston: United States Geological Survey
The US Geological Survey building in Reston was specially designed for the agencies purposes and opened in 1973. Previously headquarters had been in Washington, D.C.
The agency was established in 1879 after a report from the National Academy of…
Vermont: Burlington Square Mall (Church Street Marketplace, Burlington Town Center), Masonic Temple Building
The Church Street Marketplace, formerly known as the Burlington Square Mall, is a four-block pedestrian mall in the heart of Burlington, VT. This 1983 photograph shows Woolworth’s and looks down Church St. The Woolworth’s store has been replaced by…
Burlington: Burlington Square Mall (Burlington Town Center, Church Street Marketplace)
Constructed in 1972, the Burlington Square mall is a four-block pedestrian mall in Burlington, Vermont.
Burlington: Burlington Square Mall (Church Street Marketplace)
Burlington Square Mall, now known as Church Street Marketplace, is photographed here in 1983. Built in 1972, it is a pedestrian mall in the heart of downtown Burlington. The Church Street Marketplace hosts yearly art festivals, street performers and…
Burlington: Burlington Square Mall (Church Street Marketplace, Burlington Town Center)
The Burlington Square Mall, now known as the Church Street Marketplace, is the center of town in Burlington, Vermont. It is a four block pedestrian mall, and a cultural and economic hub of the city.
Burlington: Burlington Square Mall
The Burlington Square Mall, now known as the Church Street Marketplace, is the center of town in Burlington, Vermont. It is a four block pedestrian mall, and a cultural and commercial hub of the city.
Burlington: Burlington Square Mall (Church Street Marketplace), First Unitarian Church, Masonic Temple
Looking north on Church Street, the Masonic Temple, designed by Wilson Brothers & Company, towers over the Burlington Square Mall, now known as the Church Street Marketplace. It is a pedestrian mall that occupies four blocks in Burlington opened…
Burlington: Burlington Square Mall (Church Street Marketplace)
A street view of Burlington’s Church Street Marketplace, a four block pedestrian open air mall. It was established in 1972 as the Burlington Square Mall.
Columbia: Walkways, Public Pool
Columbia is a planned community made of ten individual villages. The community makes use of walkways to connect homes and parks, shopping centers, but also has a regular street system for motor vehicles. This pool, part of 23 outdoor pools in…
Columbia: Bryant Woods Elementary School
Columbia was creator James Rouse’s greatest accomplishment, and an experiment with not just a planned community, but a planned city. The city was ‘opened’ in 1967. It is a city made of ten self contained villages. This 1983 photograph shows Bryant…
Norfolk: Scope Arena
When it was opened in 1971, the Norfolk Scope, a multipurpose arena, was the second largest complex in Virginia after the Pentagon. The Scope also has the world’s largest concrete dome. Designed by Italian architect Pier Luigi Nervi, it was modeled…
Flanders Field American Cemetery and Memorial
Flanders Field was the site of intense fighting throughout the First World War. Flanders Field, famous for the poem that bears it’s name, is the only American Cemetery in Belgium, containing mostly the graves of those who fell in final days of war in…
Ypres: World War I Trenches
A1969 photograph of World War I trenches in Ypres. Ypres was the starting point of the famous Christmas 1914 truce when German soldiers decorated their trench with candles and sang carols on Christmas Eve 1914. British soldiers quickly joined, and in…
Kavala: NATO
This photo from Kavala is dated October 1968. A year and a half earlier the Greek military lead a coup d’etat and the country went into a police state in which torture was common, and all activities were under surveillance. In late 1967 King…
Coventry: Coventry Cathedral, Old and New
This 1968 photograph shows the recently completed modern Coventry Cathedral beside the ruins of the Medieval Parish Church Cathedral of St. Michael, commonly referred to as the Old Coventry Cathedral. The old cathedral was heavily damaged in 1940 by…
Plymouth: Mayflower Steps
The Mayflower Steps are a monument built in the twentieth century to commemorate the location from which the Pilgrims are believed to have departed England for North America. Though the passengers had no link with Plymouth, they were forced to seek…
Spain: Valle De Los Caidos (Valley of the Fallen)
A landmark of of 20th century architecture, the Valley of the Fallen was constructed in memorial to those who fell in the Spainish Civil War. Francisco Franco wanted the monument to be built on a scale like that, “of the monuments of old, which defy…
Scotland: Commando Memorial
The Commando Memorial, a monument in Scotland, is dedicated to the British Commando Forces of World War II who trained in Scottland. A competition was held for the design, and the winner was Scott Sutherland. It is inscribed with the year 1951, but…
Plymouth Hoe: Monument to Sir Francis Drake
Sir Francis Drake, the first Englishman to circumnavigate the world, is memorialized in this statue at Plymouth Hoe. This was the city he sailed from in 1577 before his famous voyage, returning three years later, and was knighted by Queen Elizabeth.…
Cincinnati: Isaac M. Wise Temple (Plum Street Temple)
The Plum Street Temple is among the oldest American synagogue buildings still standing and in use. It was designed by James Key Wilson who blended Neo-Byzantine architecture with Moorish Revival style. It was the first of many American synagogues to…
Cincinnati: City Hall
The city hall was built in the late 19th century and is the best surviving example of Richardson Romanesque style architecture in Cincinnati. Designed by Sameuel Hannaford, who designed many buildings in Cincinnati, the city hall is a the four and a…
Cincinnati: Aerial, North View (Macy’s Inc, Covenant First Presbyterian Church)
This aerial photograph of Cincinnati was taken in 1994 and looks north across the city. The distinct white and black building in the foreground is presently the headquarters of Macy’s Inc. At the time of this photograph it was owned by Federated…
Cincinnati: Fountain Sqaure
This view shows a shilouette of the Tyler Davidson Fountain at Fountain Square, Cincinnati. Dedicated in 1871, it has become a symbol of the city and popular tourist destination. It’s actual title is The Genius of Water, and features a woman with her…
Cincinnati: Hyatt Regency Cincinnati, High Rise
Photographed from the Carew Tower, this 1994 photograph shows the Hyatt Regency Cincinnati. The Hyatt building was completed in 1984 and is a twenty two story high rise building. The building was designed by RTKL Associates Inc. and is built in the…
Cincinnati: Riverfront Stadium (Cinergy Field)
Riverfront Stadium (1970-2002), renamed Cinergy Field in 1996, was the home of the Cincinnati Reds National League baseball team and the Cincinnati Begals National Football team. It is one of many so called “cookie-cutter” stadiums built in the late…
Lexington: Thoroughbred Park
Thoroughbred Park in Lexington celebrates the cities reputation as the “Horse Capital of the World.” The park has life size bronze statues of horses and riders. They were made Lexington native sculptor Gwen Reardon.
Lexington: Ashland (Henry Clay Estate)
The Henry Clay Estate, also known as Ashland, is the mansion on the plantation owned by Henry Clay, Sr. Henry Clay represented Kentucky in both the House and Senate in the first half of the 19th century. His mansion was originally constructed in 1806…
Lexington: Gainesway Farm Entrance
The entrance to Gainesway Farm, an American Thoroughbred horse breeding business. Originally called Greentree Farms when it opened in 1914, until it was sold in 1989 following the death of the previous owners.
Lexington: Thoroughbred Park
Thoroughbred Park in Lexington, a tribute to the thoroughbred racehorse, is adorned with life-size statues of the horses and riders. Lexington is considered the “Thoroughbred City” and “Horse Captial of the World.”
Cincinnati: Downtown Aerial, Chiquita Center (Columbia Plazza), Fifth Third Center
This east facing aerial view looks across downtown Cincinnati from Carew Tower. Of note in this image are some of Cincinnati’s taller buidlings: The Fifth Third Center and the Chiquita Center. The Fifth Third Center, towering in the foreground, is a…
Norfolk: Waterside Festival Marketplace, Interior
The Waterside Festival Marketplace in Norfolk was conceived in the 1970s as part of a downtown revitalization project. This interior photograph shows the marketplace crica 1985. Recent declines in business have replaced the stores upstairs with…
Norfolk: Elizabeth River Ferry
The Elizabeth River Ferry runs three paddle-wheel ferryboats that connect Portsmouth and Norfolk. The ferry system is operated as part of Hampton Roads Transit as of 1999. The photo is taken from The Waterside in Norfolk. On the horizon is Harbor…
Norfolk: Waterside Festival Marketplace
The Waterside is a festival marketplace in Norfolk. James W. Rouse envisioned the marketplace in the early 1970s as a way to revitalize Norfolk, which was experiencing a considerable decline. The marketplace has a combination of restaurants, retail…
Norfolk: Parking Garage for Waterside Festival Marketplace
The Waterside Festival Marketplace was constructed as part of Norfolk’s postwar revitalization project.T his photograph (circa 1985) shows a parking garage neighboring the marketplace to accommodate shoppers.
Nofolk: Scope Arena (Norfolk Scope)
Featuring the world’s largest concrete dome, the Norfolk Scope (derived from kaleidoscope for it’s re-configurability) is a center for sports, entertainment and conventions in downtown Norfolk. It was designed by Italian architect Pier Luigi Nervi…
Norfolk: Aerial, North Corner
Anchored by Norfolk Scope, the northern corner of town is shown in the aerial photograph. Retail shops outlets dominate the area. Throughout the twentieth century shopping centers in the suburbs continued to draw commerce away from the city. The…
Norfolk: St Paul’s Blvd, The Basilica of St Mary of the Immaculate Conception Church
This photograph, believed to be taken from the Crowne Plaza, looks south down St. Paul’s Blvd. in Norfolk. On the horizon is the Basilica of St. Mary of the Immaculate Conception Church. The cathedral was constructed in 1858 after the original…
Norfolk: Granby Mall
Granby Street was a major commercial district in Norfolk before suburban shopping centers lead to it’s decline in the twentieth century. The Granby Street Mall was an concept that was hoped to revitalize the district, however turning the street into…
Norfolk: Granby Mall
Granby Street, once a bustling commercial district in Downtown Norfolk, saw continued decline throughout the twentieth century as retail and shopping centers moved to the suburbs. This picture, which shows a cinema advertising The Last Dragon (1985),…